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Flash: A Father Stays

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The carnival crowds allowed anonymity Michael grasped with both hands. Later tonight finding a place for him and his daughter to sleep would bring back the reality of being homeless and refugees. But tonight, for a couple hours, lights, sounds, food, and people brushed against them with life instead of avoiding them, refusing to make eye contact.

He reminded himself he wasn’t a failure. Maria was safe; she had a parent. They were a long way from sheltering in subway tunnels while Russians bombed the future out of their country.

Someone had dropped a half-eaten street taco into an overflowing dust bin. The crowds parted easily as people glanced up at Maria on his shoulders. Deep pockets stored the still-wrapped street tacos, and he grabbed a burger for himself. A closed water bottle lay half-buried near the top. Cracking it open, Michael sniffed it – clean.

Full bellies tonight should make sleeping easier.

Above his head, his daughter giggled as some street performers started dancing.

(words 164 – first published 6/19/2023)

Geeking Science: Capturing Bubbles in CGI and other Black Matters

Black Panther: Wakanda Forever Movie Poster from Internet Hive Mind

Photography has been a white person game for a long time. The film for photos and film was optimized for light skin. When computer special effects came around, CGI illumination of skin likewise concentrated on the melatonin levels found in the layers of Caucasian skin. CGI hair mimicked either clumped animal hair or straight Caucasian hair.

Time for change.

Quick background – really, lighting for film concentrated on making white people to look good. It’s hard to make someone look good when the tools aren’t even on your side. For example

“Shirley cards” used by film-makers to calibrate skin tones and light, only featured Caucasian models until well into the 70s (and only changed because of complaints from photographers trying to advertise chocolate or wood furniture).  (Latif, 2022)

During the creation of Shrek, animators discovered skin looked more real when created with layers of reflection.

If you shine a laser pointer on a wall you’ll see just a small spot of light. But shine it on your hand and you’ll see a blob of red light because the light is spread around,” said Stephen Marschner, a professor of computer graphics at Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y.  (Onion, 2005)

To get skin to look real, the CGI character models needed layers to the outer shell replicating light interaction with skin. The programmers in the early oughts (00s) tapped research in the medical community studying skin for cancer and to find the difference between young and old skin to create their algorithms. (Secondary Rabbit Hole: The medical community used light refraction to study the difference between old and young skin, by analyzing “the skin between the thumb and the first finger of 400 Caucasian women ranging in age from 10 to 70.” (Onion) – and some of the discoveries are really cool and will impact makeup and health for decades to come. Note the studies used to create the algorithms were from Caucasian subjects.)

Change was needed when Wakanda Forever wanted to do underwater scenes with people of color, both Mexico-born and African heritage. Not only did they need to redo algorithms to account for different melatonin amounts in different levels of the CGI character model layers, but also deal with the underwater light diffusion.

Then the Wakanda Forever programmers had to start all over with the CGI algorithms for hair. Aquaman came first, and those movie makers said that the CGI effects for hair were tough. (Failes, 2018) Unlike Aquaman, Wakanda Forever did a lot of wet shooting and discovered something. Curly and kinky hair captures air – bubbles happen. Not only does kinky hair flow different underwater, but if reproducing people who recently went underwater, air bubbles need to be taken into account.

The science of filmmaking is worth geeking about, especially as inclusion and representation pushes technology boundaries, even in the CGI algorithms. If you are interested in photograph or filmmaking or CGI animation, I highly recommend diving down this rabbit hole.

Also check out a third rabbit hole on the hair styles for Wakanda Forever (Cummings, 2022)).

Bibliography

Alter, Ethan. “How the ‘Wakanda Forever’ visual effects team evolved the way Black skin and hair are digitally replicated onscreen.” aol.com. 12/21/2022. https://www.aol.com/entertainment/wakanda-forever-visual-effects-team-213304735.html – last viewed 12/27/2022.

Cummings, Faith. “The Story Behind the Stunning Array of Hair Looks in Black Panther: Wakanda Forever.” Vogue. 11/21/2022. https://www.vogue.com/article/black-panther-wakanda-forever-hair-camille-friend – last viewed 12/27/2022.

Failes, Ian. “In ‘Aquaman,’ Underwater CG Hair Was Surprisingly One of the Toughest Effect.” Cartoon Brew. 12/30/2018. – last viewed 12/27/2022.

Latif, Nadia. “It’s lit! How film finally learned to light black skin.” The Guardian. 9/21/2017. https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/sep/21/its-lit-how-film-finally-learned-how-to-light-black-skin – last viewed 12/27/2022.

Onion, Amanda. “Shrek Animators, Dermatologists Share Beauty Secret.” ABCnews. 4/4/2005. https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/Health/story?id=609818&page=1 – last viewed 12/27/2022.

Editing Rant: Military Draft Trope

Photo by Diego González on Unsplash

Anyone else getting tired of the science-fiction trope where the underclass of society are tricked or drafted into serving the military to protect corporate interests? Even using the best of the best equipment, the debt-ridden and the poor are tapped to populate the military for the interstellar wars while the rich stay back on the core worlds.

Science fiction is used to explore concepts of real life – to take a concept and play out it long-term progression on society.

So as much as I look forward to the day when this trope may be retired – as long as our present-day culture continues to use this concept, our sci-fi writers will keep shining the glaring light of self-reflection through speculative fiction.

Flash: Friendzone Boss Battle

Photo by Pylz Works on Unsplash

Something a friend posted on Facebook:

“What men don’t realize is they aren’t ‘sentenced to the friend zone’, no, they allowed into the friendzone and given the first step of a quest. Women want to know if you can be friends, then we’ll talk about what else may or may not be added to the relationship.

Because if we can’t be friends, there isn’t a relationship.”

The following flash continues the “conversation.” Assume Shayda said the above.

“Yeah, noobs think they can just jump to Big Boss level 100 immediately.” Joanne snorted. “Amateurs.”

Shayda lay on her stomach between her friends, one on a recliner and the other hogging the coach as only a seven-month pregnant woman could. She grabbed another fistful of popcorn from the bowl between the two pieces of furniture, before asking, “So what would be your Big Boss fight on your quest?”

Rubbing her stomach, Joanne replied, “Oh, I don’t know, getting past my daddy issues?”

Carefully not looking up at the one in the recliner, Shayda asked, “You?”

“Hmm, sticking around through a crisis, I guess?” Patty shrugged, feet curled up in the overstuffed chair. “Never had anyone do that but you guys. The boyfriends always want to solve it and be done. Mack was the best of the lot and he couldn’t handle the long-term COVID fatigue that took a year to clear up. No stamina.”

Both of the other women nodded, with Shayda adding. “True dat.”

“How about you, Shay?” Joanne placing a small bowl beside the coach to be refilled. Shayda reached for it.

Patty rocked forward to look down, “Yeah, Shay, how about you?”

“Well, that stamina thing is huge.” After carefully doling out the next serving of buttery crunch for the land-whale and passing it up to Joanne, Shayda responded, “I guess that is part of the guys wanting to jump right through the friend zone to the boyfriend zone. No one wants to spend three months being friends with no ‘reward’.”

“Except they are willing to do three months on a game to get to level 100, so not buying that,” said the youngest member of the MMOG Thursday group.

“And friendship is its own reward. … Being around all of this is a pretty awesome thing, you know.” Joanne waved her expansive body, “And you are getting us off topic, Shay.”

Patty asked quietly, “What is your big boss?”

“Listening, I guess.” Shayda levered herself up to look at her two friends, leaning against the low center table. “Caring, supporting. Being a friend.”

“Yeah, if someone is in my house day-in day-out, I would want that.” Patty said in a wistful tone.

“Help with laundry, mowing, all the chores.” Shayda started ticking off requirements on her fingers. “Does me no good if you are more work than being on my own. Especially, if you want kids.”

Joanne twisted her lips, rubbing her stretched red-lined skin where her too tight shirt had slid up, and grunted, managing to sit vertical in one try, and set aside the re-emptied bowl.

“So a partner.” Patty wrapped her arms around her legs.

“Exactly,” the black woman nodded, “An equal.”

The group sighed at the concept.

“Yeah, that would be nice,” Joanne agreed.

The three gave little smiles to each other.

Then Shayda’s took a manic curve. “Plus explosive sex!”

(words 544; first published 11/29/2023; written 5/12/2023)